For each of the three classes of drugs considered, information is provided on definition and classification, historical perspectives, dosage and route of administration, and effects. The discussion of new trends in synthetic-drug use addresses the social and cultural development of a new drug trend, gender issues, gay issues, commerce and the media, alcohol, poly-drug use, and supply issues. A review of the epidemiology of synthetic drugs considers drug monitoring systems, the prevalence of synthetic drug use in Europe, and rapid reporting systems. The section on demand-reduction responses addresses public prevention activities; information, education, and harm reduction; regulation, collaboration, and conflict; working with the drug "scene" (subculture); outreach, peer education, and self-help; and evaluation. The study concludes that overall, the topic of synthetic drug consumption is poorly understood when compared to the knowledge base that exists on the consumption of opiate drugs or the problems of drug injection. Research suggestions are offered. A glossary and 63 references