The audit involved interviewing DOTRS officers, reviewing files and documentation, and observing airports. In addition, airline and airport operators and union and industry associations were consulted. The audit identified areas where aviation security in Australia could be strengthened: developing a more robust approach to risk management, implementing long-term planning, developing proactive alliance with aviation regulators in neighboring countries, developing a systems- and risk-based approach to the approval of airline security programs and the conduct of airline audits, improving the airport audit process, implementing an evaluation strategy to review airports and airlines on a regular basis, and developing a formal approach to aviation security enforcement. Specific recommendations are offered to improve the regulation of aviation security in Australia. Additional information on airport security is contained in four appendixes. Tables and photographs