The discussion notes that total arrests increased 16.7 percent and juvenile arrests increased 30.1 percent during the years 1986-95. The juvenile justice system evolved as an attempt to deal constructively with the problems of dependent, neglected, and delinquent youth within an informal, nonadversarial setting. However, U.S. Supreme Court decisions have gradually extended due process and equal protection rights to juveniles. The police and the courts make strong efforts to divert as many youths as possible from the juvenile justice system. The alternatives for youths who are adjudicated delinquent include both residential and nonresidential programs. The emphasis is on handling as many delinquents as possible in community-based correctional programs. The private sector is also becoming involved in juvenile services. Efforts are also focusing on violent juvenile offenders, juvenile gangs, weapons in public schools, juvenile curfew laws, and juvenile boot camps. Tables, photographs, discussion and review questions, notes, case citations, and 23 references