The report categorized assistance into grants or other types of direct Federal funding; access to support services and systems, such as counterdrug or other intelligence centers; and in-kind transfers of equipment or other assets. To provide perspective, the report identified several relevant DOD research and development efforts that may have indirectly benefited State and local law enforcement agencies. The DOD did not provide any crime technology-related grants to State and local law enforcement agencies during fiscal years 1996 through 1998 and there was no other type of direct funding. Identifiable crime technology assistance by DOD to State and local law enforcement agencies totaled an estimated $125.9 million. Some of DOD’s research and development efforts had spin-off benefits for law enforcement agencies, particularly DOD’s efforts to develop technologies for Federal use in detecting explosives and narcotics. For example, proven technologies have resulted in crime-fighting products, such as bomb detection equipment, becoming commercially available for purchase by all levels of law enforcement. Notes, tables, appendixes