The 2000 United States Census projects that minority populations in prisons and jails will be the majority by 2010. In addition, female inmates increased 336 percent over the last 10 years. Issues surrounding ethnicity, race, gender, and age are posing challenges to traditional approaches to corrections. The diversity of the inmate population requires diverse approaches to rehabilitation. These approaches need to address the impact of classification systems for female inmates; the need for education and social skills programs for immigrants; and the power of inmates’ world views relating to their attitudes, beliefs, culture, religion, and values. The 21st century begins with opportunities for change toward correctional philosophies that emphasize restoration and rehabilitation; staff must ensure that diverse inmates experience success and that recidivism rates decline to ensure continuing funding for the restorative and rehabilitative programs. 11 references