The guidelines are intended only for the drug testing of juveniles who come in contact with the juvenile justice system for delinquent and status offenses. They are based on the premise that drug testing is a tool that must be used in conjunction with other program strategies, such as effective rewards and sanctions and substance abuse treatment programs, to achieve its intended functions. Background information on substance abuse and juvenile justice is provided as a context for decision making. The manual then discusses a policymaking framework within which juvenile drug testing can be considered as a tool for achieving a variety of goals. Several criteria are suggested for examining each policy decision. Policy options for juvenile drug testing are discussed. One option is to use it as a tool for prevention, behavioral change, and treatment for substance-abusing youth; to promote health and safety; and for program planning decisions. The manual then explores some of the elements that policymakers should consider when developing a drug-testing policy, including legal issues and testing technologies and methodologies. Three flow charts of the policymaking process are presented from three perspectives: jurisdictional policy, countywide policy, and statewide policy. Appended summary of the legislative process, 27 references, and 15 suggested readings