DNA testing is increasingly becoming the benchmark by which culpability or innocence is decided, and fingerprinting is fast losing its favor. Critics of DNA testing contend that DNA profiles may not be unique, that people are being convicted using DNA testing before any real judicial scrutiny of the technology has been completed, and that the quality of testing from laboratory to laboratory is not consistent. The collection and retention of DNA samples are also a concern. Evidence may be collected under less than ideal circumstances and this can lead to the DNA becoming contaminated or even deteriorating. The two most important issues facing the use of DNA testing in law enforcement are the proper training of officers and the funds to test the samples. Shortfalls in funding have resulted in untested samples piling up in evidence warehouses. Even though testing of the samples won’t be easy, advances in technology and testing methods have increased investigators chances of clearing cold cases, and even solving crimes not considered to be obvious DNA test candidates. Another problem faced by departments is the lack of expertise and training on the part of law enforcement officers charged with collecting evidence at the crime and scene and properly storing it. More training resources should be committed to teaching officers proper collection techniques and criminalists the latest testing procedures. Police departments have also found that criminals are becoming increasingly smart and savvy about how to use DNA evidence to their advantage. Though hurdles remain in the refinement of law enforcement’s handling of DNA evidence and courts continue to debate its admissibility, police officers will have to keep up with the developing technology and its applications.