A law passed in 1963 in Nepal prohibited the sale of any human being or the taking of any human being outside the Kingdom for the purpose of selling that person. The human trafficking problem increased, however, which prompted a new act in 1986. This act provides for various measures designed to counter trading in human beings, taking persons to a foreign country with the intention of selling them, and forced prostitution. One section of this paper identifies the causes of human trafficking as being rooted in poverty and unemployment, particularly among Nepalese women; poor education; and family disintegration. Traffickers promise victims employment in other countries and even engage in pseudo-marriages with victims in order to gain control over them. An open border with India simplifies trafficking to and through India to other countries. Some of Nepal's efforts to control human trafficking include public awareness campaigns, cooperation with governmental and nongovernmental organizations, bilateral and multilateral international cooperation, measures to reduce poverty and promote employment for women, and establishment of a national coordination committee for addressing illegal migration. One section of this paper discusses problems in controlling human trafficking related to detection, investigation, prosecution, and the implementation of a court judgment. Tables present comparative statistics on disposed cases of human trafficking for the last 3 years in Nepal.