The two most recognized valuable forms of forensic evidence, in terms of their potential to individually link a suspect to a scene, are fingerprints and DNA. Discovered in the mid-1980's, DNA technology remains relatively new. However, from research, the progress of DNA profiling has broadened the scope of forensic science. Yet, there are questions which have emerged regarding the interpretation of DNA results. This paper begins by reviewing the history of trace DNA analysis and continues by examining areas within the analysis creating difficulty and include: determining the source of the DNA, secondary transfer, low copy number analysis, interpreting trace DNA analysis, placing the evidence in context, and trace DNA application in New South Wales, Australia. Regardless of the difficulties in analysis, trace DNA analysis is a valuable tool and can provide investigators with additional information. However, due to the minute levels of sample and the random nature of trace DNA, caution should be taken through all levels of examination, from collection to the interpretation of the evidence. References