It is estimated that approximately 30 to 70 percent of inmates have ADHD, a highly treatable disability that results in learning difficulties, as well as difficulties holding jobs, maintaining relationships with friends and family, and following the rules of society. Since a minimum of approximately one out of every three suspects appearing before criminal justice professionals has ADHD, it is imperative that these professionals understand the traits and consequences of ADHD. Chapter 1 explains ADHD, which causes two central difficulties for afflicted individuals: deficits in behavioral inhibition and deficits in sustained attention. Chapter 2 explores the increased risk of antisocial behavior that characterizes the disorder, while chapter 3 examines the causes of ADHD, which are genetic in origin and result in certain brain regions being smaller and less active. Chapter 4 discusses the initial criminal justice contact with an individual with ADHD, including what to look for to identify individuals possibly suffering from ADHD. Chapter 5 addresses how individuals with ADHD often suffer worse criminal justice outcomes as a result of the challenges created by the disorder. Chapter 6 explores post-sentencing options for individuals with ADHD and encourages probation and prison personnel to make referrals for ADHD screening. Chapter 7 describes a two-step procedure to identify individuals with ADHD in the criminal justice system; the steps involve screening appropriately and referring for diagnosis. Chapter 8 reviews the treatments available for ADHD, while chapter 9 offers a conclusion that reviews the main points of the book and encourages those within the criminal justice system to gain a working knowledge of ADHD and its impact on criminal justice clients. A listing of recommended readings is presented. Endnotes, references, index