In China criminal detention is used to deprive criminals or suspects of their personal freedom in accordance with the law. Arrest is a compulsory measure that deprives criminal suspects or defendants of their personal freedom and sends them under guard to a place for custody within a specified period of time according to law. These two compulsory measures are linked to a successful operation of criminal prosecution and the protection of citizens. All this means that procuratorial supervision must be secured and reinforced in order to ensure the proper application of detention and arrest. In this paper, three issues are examined regarding procuratorial supervision: (1) the status quo of procuratorial supervision, (2) obstacles to supervision on criminal detention and arrest, and (3) the systematic design of procuratorial supervision on criminal detention and arrest.