This annual report was prepared in meeting Parliamentary reporting requirements by the Australian Institute of Criminology (AIC) and the Criminology Research Council (CRC) for 2007-2008. The reported is divided into two sections: the AIC and the CRC. Highlights of the AIC’s activities and accomplishments for this reporting period include: (1) a research agenda focused on the key areas of crime and environment, alcohol and crime, and community corrections; (2) continued development of its international standing as a key criminal justice information and knowledge agency; (3) an undertaking policy of relevant research work in the areas of drugs and crime, fraud and high-tech crime, transnational crime, crime prevention, and Indigenous issues; (4) more than 85 papers were published, and 60 presentations, 13 roundtables, and 2 conferences and 4 seminars were held; and (5) received nearly $2 million in contract funding to undertake research work for various levels of government in areas such as substance abuse, offending and diversion in Indigenous communities. Highlights of the CRC’s activities and accomplishments for this reporting period include: (1) four new research grants were approved; (2) five research grants were completed (with final reports) in the areas of risk factors and treatment outcomes in intra-familial adolescent sex offenders, schizophrenia and offending, adolescent stalking, impact of interpersonal violence victimization on mental health, and parents and prisoners; and (3) one consultancy was completed on Indigenous diversion and one canceled on criminological research and research ethics committees. Figures, tables, boxes, case studies, and appendixes