Key findings from the report include: (1) rates of detention for both males and females decreased since 1981; (2) the majority of young people in detention were male - as of June 30, 2005 young males were 9 times more likely than young females to be in detention; (3) those aged 15 to 17 years constituted the large majority of 10 to 17 year-olds in detention; (4) the rates of detention of Indigenous young people aged 10 to 17 years of age across Australia had decreased by 25 percent since 1994; (5) the rates of detention of non-Indigenous young people aged 10 to 17 years across Australia had decreased by 44 percent since 1994; (6) the overrepresentation of Indigenous young people aged 10 to 17 in detention remained high and had not decreased since 1994 - Indigenous young people were 23 times more likely than non-Indigenous young people to be in detention in June 2005; and (7) across Australia about one-quarter of those detained in juvenile detention facilities were aged 18 and over. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of juveniles in detention in Australia from 1981 to 2005 with an analysis of the number and rate of juveniles in detention over time, as well as a detailed analysis of the financial year 2004-2005. Data were derived from the Australian Institute of Criminology's Juveniles in Detention Monitoring Program. Tables, figures, and references