This paper describes recent changes in policy and procedures to address drug offenders in Japan. Methamphetamine use is the major substance problem as one in every eight arrestees involves a violation of the Stimulant Control Act and sentence lengths have increased in recent years. Prevalence is difficult to determine, but the drug has a long history in Japan; methamphetamines were first synthesized by a Japanese scientist in 1893 and legal use was common during World War II. New treatment and correctional approaches adopted since 2007 are discussed. Tables and references (Published Abstract)