This book provides panel presentations given at the Office for Substance Abuse Prevention 1990 Issue Forum on November 13-14, 1990 at the National 4-H Center, Chevy Chase, Maryland. This book is organized into 10 Chapters: chapter 1, Perinatal Factors that Influence Neonatal Outcome discusses the effects of maternal drug use on their developing babies; chapter 2, Effects of Prenatal Exposure to Cocaine on Newborn Behavior and Development critically reviews current studies of the effects of prenatal cocaine abuse on newborn behavior and development; chapter 3, Prenatal Opiate Exposure addresses the newborn developmental effects of prenatal opiate exposure; chapter 4, Fetal Alcohol Effects in Preschool Children describes fetal alcohol syndrome and associated conditions and treatment needs; chapter 5, Spontaneous Play and the Development of Young Children explores the toddler exploration of the environment and forming secure relationships with others; chapter 6, The Impact of Culture and Social Environment on Drug-Exposed Children describes parental, cultural, and social factors that play a role in developmental outcomes of children exposed to drugs in utero; chapter 7, The Child Welfare Challenge in Meeting Developmental Needs examines prevention and intervention strategies to meet the needs of drug-exposed children; chapter 8, Educational Policy Issues in Serving Infants and Toddlers Born Toxic-Positive to Drugs discusses early intervention and school-based model intervention programs; chapter 9, Advocacy on Behalf of Drug-Exposed Children examines children's legal advocates; and chapter 10, The Young Mother's Legal Battles Continue examines advocates for drug using mothers and services for which they are entitled. Tables and references