The study found in this sample of parents with primary school children, 42.7 percent of the parents reported minor incidences of child physical maltreatment (CPM), while 21.6 percent of the parents reported severe incidences of CPM. The findings also indicate that a parent's definition of CPM significantly impacted their reports of CPM, with parents who did not consider the identified behavior as maltreatment being more likely to report CPM compared to parents who identified the behavior as maltreatment. The study identified child problem behaviors, parental overreactivity, and parental hostility as risk factors with significant influence on the occurrence of minor or severe incidences of CPM. This study investigated the prevalence of CPM and its associated risk factors in a sample of parents of primary school children in Yuncheng City, China. Data for the study were obtained from a sample of 1,394 parents of primary school children aged 7-12 years old. Logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the associations between incidences of CPM and related risk factors. The findings indicate that certain risk factors may be associated with the increased incidences of minor/severe CPM in China, and that programs aimed at improving parenting skills should be developed. Tables and references