CONCENTRATING MAINLY ON THE SYSTEMS OF ENGLAND AND THE UNITED STATES, BUT ALSO COVERING MUCH OF EUROPE AND THE REST OF THE WORLD, THE AUTHORS DISCUSS THE GROWTH, MEASUREMENT, AND TRENDS OF CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR. CHAPTERS DEAL WITH THEORETICAL AND HISTORICAL CONCEPTS OF CRIME, VARIOUS THEORIES OF CAUSATION, DEFINITIONS OF CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR, THE INSTRUMENT OF DETERRENCE, AND POLICE ENFORCEMENT AND ABUSES. THE LAST HALF OF THE BOOK IS DEVOTED TO SENTENCING OBJECTIVES AND PROBLEMS SUCH AS DISPARITY, DISCRETION, AND THE HANDLING OF DANGEROUS OFFENDERS. THE WORLDWIDE ANALYSIS IS ESPECIALLY USEFUL IN REVIEWING THE PREDICAMENT OF INEFFECTIVE PENAL MEASURES (REHABILITATION AND REFORM) AND POSSIBLE ALTERNATIVES TO INCARCERATION....MSP