THE HISTORY OF POLICE FORCES AND INNOVATIONS IN POLICING TECHNIQUES ARE TRACED FROM ANCIENT ROME TO THE PRESENT DAY. AN INTRODUCTION DISCUSSES LONG-TERM TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF POLICING IN MANY COUNTRIES. EMPHASIS IS PLACED ON FRANCE, THE UNITED STATES, AND ENGLAND, AS THESE REPRESENT THREE MAIN KINDS OF POLICE SYSTEMS: FRANCE WITH A SYSTEM UNDER CENTRALIZED, NATIONAL CONTROL; THE UNITED STATES SYSTEM, PREDOMINATELY UNDER LOCAL CONTROL; AND ENGLAND, IN WHICH LOCAL AND NATIONAL CONTROLS HAVE REACHED A COMPROMISE. SIXTEEN BIOGRAPHICAL STUDIES DESCRIBE THE ACHIEVEMENTS AND CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE SCIENCE OF POLICING OF SUCH FIGURES AS AUGUSTUS CAESAR, HENRY AND JOHN FIELDING, ALLAN PINKERTON, J. EDGAR HOOVER, AND THE FOUNDERS OF INTERPOL. A POLICE SYSTEM IN THE ANCIENT WORLD, THE NAPOLEONIC MODEL OF POLICE, CRIMINALISTICS, FINGERPRINTING, POLICE PROFESSIONALISM, THE FEDERAL INFLUENCE IN AMERICAN POLICING, AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL POLICING ARE AMONG THE AREAS OF SPECIALTY EXAMINED, INCLUDING THEIR BEGINNINGS AND DEVELOPMENT. EACH CHAPTER INCLUDES A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF WORKS BY AND ABOUT ITS SUBJECT AND THE AREA OF POLICING IN WHICH HE MADE HIS MAJOR CONTRIBUTIONS.