Data from self-administered survey questionnaires received from 267 male inmates of a juvenile institution and 137 female inmates of a female juvenile institution measured the following independent variables of the deprivation model: (1) general powerlessness, (2) organizational powerlessness, (3) priority of interpersonal contact, and (4) time incarcerated. The following independent variables from the importation model were measured: (1) social class or origin and race, (2) involvement in criminal behavior, (3) postrelease expectations, and (4) contact with free society. Findings indicate that the deprivation model of imprisonment is the better predictor of prisonization for juveniles of both sexes, especially for males. However, a more fruitful and comprehensive manner of evaluating the possible determinants of prisonization is to merge the significant variable from the importation and deprivation models into one predictor set. The resultant equation would contain the following variables: (1) prisonization, the dependent variable, (2) organizational powerlessness, (3) postrelease expectations, (4) race, and (5) general powerlessness. The findings also indicate that incarcerated female delinquents do adhere to a set of normative prescriptions and proscriptions, and that they do assimilate into an antisocial inmate subculture. Where there are differences between the female and male populations, they concern the particular determinants of the process of prisonization, not necessarily the pattern of assimilation itself. Six notes primarily on study methodology and 53 references are provided.