This report describes American probation and parole practices at the Federal, State and county levels. The importance of volunteer services is also discussed with special emphasis on the role of honorary probation officers who work closely with professionals. In addition, several special criminal justice and community projects directed at crime prevention and offender rehabilitation (e. g. Albuquerque Technical College/Police Department, Indian schools, pay probation, the Safer Foundation), and streamlined handling of court cases (e. g. pre-court diversion, court assessment units) are explained. Many of these projects are recommended for adoption in Australia. A brief outline of the U.S. criminal justice system, the Tasmanian Community Work Order Scheme (a successful work project for offenders in Tasmania, Australia), and resource information are included.