The theoretical model posits that self-concept is a cumulative product of socialization experiences which may be distributed across different social groups. When the structural conditions work against the maintenance of a positive self-concept, then there is a tendency to seek behavioral alternatives outside the conventional order that provide more positive reinforcement. Once an adolescent has engaged in deviant behavior, the labeling process begins, and the adolescent is faced with making a choice between two alternatives. He either can accept the deviant label and move toward committment to the deviant subculture, or he can refuse the label and remain committed to conventional roles and norms. It is hypothesized that if he remains committed to conventional standards, his self-concept will not rise. If the individual becomes committed to his new deviant identity and secondary deviance occurs, self-concept will increase. To test the theoretical model, the research utilized a survey questionnaire administered at two time periods to 480 public high school students in medium-sized towns in the Pacific Northwest. Correlational analysis and two-way and three-way analysis of variance were performed on the data. In general terms, the theoretical model receives some support from the results obtained. Tabular data and references are given. (Author abstract modified)