The seminar had three goals: (1) to present state-of-the-art information on incarceration policy in a format meaningful to major decisionmakers, (2) to provide decisionmakers with the chance to interact with one another around the problem of incarceration policy, and (3) to promote cost-effective change in the incarceration policies of participating States. The 3-day seminar focused on incarceration trends; the relationship between prison populations and incarceration policy; operating, capital, hidden, and opportunity costs; the crime control effectiveness of incarceration policies; punishment policy options; the politics of cost-effective incarceration policy; and strategies for managing incarceration costs. Descriptions of the seminar materials, site and participant selection, and evaluation results are included. It was concluded that the seminars were a successful experiment which helped bridge the gap between research and policymaking. Chapter notes and appendixes presenting seminar evaluation forms and background materials are provided.