Community corrections is the term for sanctions that punish offenders within their own communities. Highly restrictive community corrections programs include residential confinement centers and home confinement programs, while moderately restrictive community corrections programs are designed for both pretrial and post-conviction participants in the criminal justice system. Federal community corrections programs must be congressionally approved through specific legislation and U.S. Sentencing Guidelines, but many State systems operate through Community Corrections Acts. Community corrections programs are especially attractive because they are cost-effective, increase placement options for judges and prison and parole authorities, are punitive and rehabilitative, and ensure adequate protection of society. A plan of action with recommendations is described to encourage the exploration and adoption of community corrections initiatives. 17 notes and 4 figures