The study discusses some of the many contributory social and political factors that determine young people's movement to the streets and that influence the roles they assume. In addition, the study examines the link between street youth and street gangs and their relationship to crime. The final part of the study considers how the criminal justice system deals with young people and explores alternative restorative judicial mechanisms. In dealing with issues in street gangs and violence in South Africa, the author covers such specific topics as urbanization, social control, race relations, family relationships, juvenile gangs, weapon availability, social services, and positive youth involvement in the community. 7 references