The article describes six barriers to developing effective drug treatment programs in correctional settings and suggests strategies that have been effective in overcoming those barriers: (1) Client Identification, Assessment, and Referral (target recruiting efforts at the program's host institution); (2) Recruitment and Training of Treatment Staff (offer sufficient wages to induce counselors to move to treatment site and stay); (3) Redeployment of Correctional Staff (institutionalize stability; professionalize treatment positions for correctional officers); (4) Over-Reliance on Institutional vs Therapeutic Sanctions (remove non-compliant inmates from the program); (5) Aftercare (incorporate efforts to strengthen clients' engagement with the program, including offering external motivators for aftercare participation); and (6) Coercion (increase the number of individual counseling sessions during the first month of treatment). References