This report analyzes the results of the Federal Bureau of Prisons' residential drug abuse treatment programs (DAP) post-release outcomes evaluation designed for inmates with moderate to severe substance abuse problems. The primary outcomes of interest in the evaluation were criminal recidivism and post-release drug use. Findings of this 3-year follow-up study for drug use showed that individuals participating in the DAP were less likely to have evidence of post-release drug use than those who did not receive treatment. There were no significant differences found for either measure of post-release employment among men when comparing treated to comparison inmates. In addition, treatment completion had no effect on whether male or female inmates successfully completed their halfway house stay. These findings indicate that the Bureau of Prisons' DAP made a significant difference in the lives of inmates upon their release from custody and return to the community. Tables