With the trafficking of human beings being viewed as a global problem affecting many developing and transition countries, Armenia is not seen as an exception. Armenia is both an origin country and a transit country. Research has indicated that trafficking in Armenia consists of a portion of irregular migration. This study attempted to contribute to the prevention of trafficking in migrants from and via Armenia by offering reliable information on the nature and incidence of the problem. The study provides a solid basis for program and policy intervention. The report consists of four chapters. In Chapter 1, an introduction and background information are provided along with a definition of trafficking and the research methodology used in the study. Chapter 2 examines the nature and extent of the trafficking problem in Armenia, specifically women and children. Chapter 3 describes and analyzes the legislation put in place to combat trafficking in Armenia. The fourth and concluding chapter provides recommendations to respond to the problem. The study clearly indicated the trafficking of women and children in Armenia. One significant cause attributed to this problem was the impoverishment and lack of decently paid job opportunities since the collapse of the U.S.S.R. The trafficking of women from Armenia was mainly directed to the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Turkey. Minors were trafficked mainly for sex work abroad. This research would enable a joint effort to devise and implement follow-up activities. The following recommendations are presented for the prevention and reduction of trafficking in women and children from Armenia: (1) awareness training; (2) prosecution of traffickers; (3) protection and assistance to victims; (4) further research; and (5) economic development. Appendices within the report include; questionnaire, case studies, Legislation: The Criminal Code of the Republic of Armenia, international conventions and protocols related to trafficking-bilateral and multilateral agreements signed by Armenia related to trafficking, advertisements, acronyms and abbreviations, glossary, and references.