In February 2009, President Obama established the White House Office of Faith-Based and Neighborhood Partnerships, amending but also continuing former President Bush's governmental support of faith organizations and their work with people in need. Faith-based programming for criminal offenders is one of the key areas supported by these White House initiatives, but there is little research on its implementation and effectiveness. This short article first discusses important definitional and constitutional issues relevant to faith-based programs working with offenders under government control. It then briefly summarizes results from available published studies, notes the limitations of this research, and discusses important policy implications resulting from these studies. (Published Abstract)