The author of this paper reviewed previous literature to determine the extent of research on the effects of prescription narcotics on the driving behavior of individuals. The review found a limited amount of research that qualifies and quantifies the nature of impaired driving behavior due to the existence of psychoactive medications in an individual's system at the time of a car crash. Several studies were identified that examined the short- intermediate- and long-term effects of benzodiazepines on an individual's driving performance. While the studies showed an increased risk for crash involvement, no causality was established between the presence of the drug and the resulting crash. Other studies have examined the effects of acute and long-term use of opioid analgesics on driving performance, and while these studies indicate a relationship between opioid use and an elevated crash risk, little data exist to support the premise. The results of this review indicate a need for future research on the effects of prescription narcotics on the driving behavior of individuals. Limitations of previous research are discussed. References